Attach Importance To "Recruitment Difficulty" Caused By Structural Factors

Over a period of time, quite a number of places have appeared more prominent.

The current "recruitment difficulties" are both old and new.

At present, recruitment difficulties are not only seasonal, regional, industrial, age discrimination, skills mismatch and other traditional characteristics, but also show new characteristics such as the impact of the relocation of large enterprises, the decline in employment, the decline in supply and demand, the intensification of labor market frictions, and the "short working" of the new generation workers.

1. five old characteristics: seasonality.

Before and after the Spring Festival, small and medium-sized enterprises "rush in and rush out" impulse labor, processing export enterprises "short, small, urgent" orders caused by the "urgent and urgent retreat" employment, resulting in labor relations one year discussion, "a single discussion" labor negotiations.

The trend of "short term labor" of migrant workers is also a response of workers to soft voting rights such as voting by feet, finding better employment opportunities, stopping work and silent protests.

Regionally.

The old generation of migrant workers are far away from home and suffer unfair treatment to the East.

Industry.

Age discrimination.

A large number of urban "40, 50" personnel, rural areas over 35 years old, especially women labor force, enterprises are generally reluctant to recruit.

This age and sex discrimination reflects the lack of effective regulation in China's labor market, the laissez faire and excessive marketization of migrant workers' labor market, and the extravagant labor employment mode, which is also a huge waste of human resources.

The skills do not match.

Because of the "externality" characteristics of human capital investment,

SMEs generally do not want to train their "short-term workers".

Compared with Japan, the rise of China's manufacturing industry has not formed a stable and deep accumulation of industrial workers.

2. five new situations: the impact of large enterprises' relocation.

Over the past two years, some labor-intensive enterprises, such as Foxconn, have moved inland, which has raised the wage level of local workers and has had a shock effect on recruitment of other enterprises.

Employment nearby.

The employment pfer of migrant workers in Anhui and Henan has shifted beyond the provincial level, and the return of migrant workers in Sichuan and Shaanxi is on the rise.

Supply and demand declined year by year.

The survey of six provinces shows that the supply and demand volume of the labor market has declined this year.

Chengdu's nine eye Bridge labor market, the three week after the Spring Festival this year, the highest number of job seekers per day is less than 4 thousand, less than half of the same period last year.

The number of recruitment firms has also dropped by 1/3. The impact of China's macroeconomic downturn on employment decisions has begun to appear.

Labor market friction intensified.

The average time for workers to return to work after the Spring Festival was generally pushed back. In 2012, the average time was 3 days in advance.

The rigid cost of urban life is rising, the employment income expectation of laborers is generally raised, while the ability of SMEs to digest costs is rising.

The workers of the new generation are "short working" obviously.

The employment expectations of the new generation of migrant workers generally improved, not only for money making, but also for the quality of employment and life experience.

A large supermarket in Chengdu recruited more than 2000 people last year, half of whom resigned in 3~6 months, and even appeared naked.

Structural "

"Recruitment difficulty" reflects two effects: first, there has been some substantial progress in the way of pfer and structural adjustment over the years.

Two, the state's "three rural" policy has made remarkable achievements, so that some farmers have chosen to stay in the countryside for farming.

At the same time, it reflects five lags behind industrialization: lagging behind industrialization, reform of public service system lagging behind economic restructuring, enterprise personnel lagging behind the pace of economic pformation, lagging behind the demand for economic development, and lagging behind the labor force's national mobility.

The "recruitment difficulty" has obvious structural causes at present. It mainly occurs in the small and medium sized enterprises groups with young migrant workers as the main labor force and relatively small profits, especially the export processing enterprises in the eastern coastal areas.

We believe that the essence of recruitment is the game dilemma of the two vulnerable groups of SMEs and migrant workers in the current economic pformation period.

Large enterprises and small and medium technology enterprises do not have difficulties in recruiting workers for college students, but mainly for "difficult employment".

"Recruitment difficulty" reflects two effects: the 1 way of snow and snow has undergone substantial progress over the years.

Normalization of regional and industrial recruitment difficulties shows that industrial gradient pfer and regional coordinated development have made progress.

Structural "recruitment difficulty" also reflects five lags: 1 hole, snow urbanization is lagging behind industrialization.

Local attention should be paid to the construction of industrial production infrastructure in industrial parks, which is insufficient for the living infrastructure of industrial workers.

Cave 2 snow public service reform lagged behind economic restructuring.

Migrant workers lack of corresponding social rights and interests in urban employment, and there are huge differences and inequity in public services.

Cave 3? Snow enterprise employment concept lags behind the pace of economic pformation.

"Recruitment difficulty" is relative to the unlimited supply of rural labor force in the past, and the time when migrant workers "recruit and come, go away".

In the process of continuous progress of China's social economy, the development mode of relying on a large number of cheap labor force is ultimately unsustainable.

This structural contradiction reflects the need for readjustment of the national human capital strategy.

Hole 5? Snow social security national co-ordination lagged behind the needs of the labor force nationwide, impeding the effective allocation of labor force across the country.

Short and long term solutions to solve the "recruitment difficulties" of SMEs

Short term policy requires our government to take various measures to highlight the difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, while increasing public employment services, and gradually establish a unified, standardized and flexible labor market information network.

The medium and long term policy requires us to take skilled labor schools as an important livelihood project to accelerate the social integration of vocational skills education and migrant workers.

"Recruitment difficulty" is a normal reflection of regulating the supply and demand of human resources in the labor market under the condition of full competition, which is in line with the general law of economic development, and is conducive to creating a good atmosphere for the whole society to pay close attention to the employment and the rights and interests of workers, and is conducive to the pformation and development of enterprises, the improvement of laborers' status and the improvement of the quality of employment of workers.

However, if the problem of structural recruitment is not alleviated for a long time, it is also not conducive to the stable development of enterprises and the protection of laborers' rights and interests, which is not conducive to China's competitive advantages in stabilizing the low-end manufacturing industry, and will lead to huge waste of human resources and low overall economic efficiency in the country.

To this end, we propose the following short-term countermeasures and long-term policy recommendations.

1. short-term policies should highlight the difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises and increase the intensity of public employment services.

Cave 1? Snow further improves the living environment of small and medium-sized enterprises and improves their ability to absorb jobs.

First, the implementation of differentiated social security payment policy for small and medium-sized enterprises to encourage higher wages.

Small and medium-sized enterprises social security payment wage base is mostly below the payment ceiling, the formal payment ratio is more than 40%, higher than large enterprises.

From our survey, we know that some provinces' policies to reduce the payment base of small and medium-sized enterprises in the financial crisis will help workers to increase their incomes.

The two is to promote labor intensive small businesses loan discount.

With regard to the loan amount between 1 million yuan and 5 million yuan, the interest of the same level of finance will be varied according to the financial situation in accordance with the benchmark interest rate of the same period, such as 50% to 25%.

The experience of Hefei is worth learning from.

Cave 2? Snow increases public employment services.

Local governments and industry organizations should increase the monitoring, collection and dissemination of employment information, increase the organization of free recruitment fairs and referral sessions for front-line workers, abolish job intermediary fees, stop intermediary services with paid services, and further increase subsidies for free recruitment, and gradually establish a unified, standardized and flexible labor market information network.

We should vigorously develop the human resources service industry, support social employment service institutions to play the role of quasi public employment service, and improve the effective supply of employment information and labor force.

2. medium and long term policies should focus on vocational skills education and social integration of migrant workers.

Xue 1 Xue is the main body of vocational technical training school, increasing the investment of laborers' training.

Guangdong's research experience shows that graduates who study in technical schools generally have a sense of skilled employment, and their career expectations are stable.

There is little phenomenon of "short working".

Therefore, we must grasp the skilled workers' school as an important livelihood project.

Changing the running mode of "learning by tuition" in a specific period

All the training funds provided by the Public Finance Institute of mechanics are free for the junior and senior high school graduates to attend technical schools.

The education surcharge is cut to technicians' colleges to ensure that the technical institutes receive financial support.

Vocational skills training should focus on the technical schools in the labor department.

Cave 2? Snow speeds up social integration of migrant workers.

We should popularize the policy of integrating families and cities in some provinces and cities, and promote the public service problems such as compulsory education, housing security and public health for migrant workers' children, so that migrant workers can enjoy the policy of low rent housing.

Taking the industrial cluster as the center, we should promote the coordinated development of government's public management, enterprise management and social management, and promote the coordinated development of "Urban Agglomeration". We should actively promote professional and efficient social management into the community and speed up the social integration of migrant workers.